Time – Definition, Examples, Practice Problems, FAQs

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What Is Time? 

In math, time can be defined as an ongoing and continuous sequence of events that occur in succession, from past through the present, and to the future. 

Time is used to quantify, measure, or compare the duration of events or the intervals between them, and even, sequence events.

Times of the Day

In the image below, Hasan’s daily routine events have been put in sequence according to the time at which they are done.

a kid's daily routine with respect to the time

We measure time in seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, months and years with clocks and calendars.

A day has 24 hours. We use A.M. to tell the time running from midnight to noon and P.M. for the time running from noon to midnight.

We do not write A.M. or P.M. at 12 o’clock in the afternoon and 12 o’clock at midnight. 12 o’clock at noon is written as 12 noon and 12 o’clock at midnight is written as 12 midnight. 

am and pm time


Measurement of Time Using a Clock
 

1. Analog Clock or the 12-hour clock

We measure and define what time of the day it is using clocks. A clock in general has 12 numbers written on it, from 1 to 12. It has an hour hand and a minute hand. Some clocks have a third hand as well. It shows time in seconds and is the fastest-moving hand. The time is usually based on a 12-hour clock.
 
The hour hand, the shorter of the two hands, completes 1 rotation (360°)  in 12 hours in a normal 12-hour analog. The minute hand, the longer hand, completes 1 rotation through 360° in 60 minutes.

Analog clock


Here’s how the minute hand’s movement shows different times in an hour. 

  • Time in half hours:  When the minute hand is at 6, the time is written as half-past.
  • Time in quarter past hours: When the minute hand is at 3, the time is written as a quarter past the hour.
  • Time in quarter to hours: When the minute hand is at 9, the time is written as a quarter to the next hour.
     
quater to, half past and quater past


Time in Minutes

There are 12 big divisions on the face of the clock. Each big division has 5 small divisions.

Each small division stands for 1 minute.

So there are 60 small divisions on the face of a clock. There are 12 × 5 = 60 minutes in 1 hour.

1 hour = 60 minutes

1 minute = 60 seconds

When the minute hand is atNumber of minutes
11 x 5 = 5
22 x 5 = 10
33 x 5 = 15
44 x 5 = 20
55 x 5 = 25
66 x 5 = 30
77 x 5 = 35
88 x 5 = 40
99 x 5 = 45
1010 x 5 = 50
1111 x 5 = 55
1212 x 5 = 60

2. Digital Clock or the 24-hour clock

Generally, we use the 12-hour clock to measure time. But railways, airlines, armed forces, and newspapers use the 24-hour clock. 
On the 24-hour clock, the hours from midnight to the next midnight are marked 0 to 24.

  • On a 24-hour clock, we use 4 digits.
  • The two digits on the right show the minutes past an hour.
  • The two digits on the left show the number of hours.

For example:

12:45 means it is 45 minutes past 12 hours

18:20 means it is 20 minutes past 18 hours

24 hour clock time

A day starts at midnight. So, the time at midnight is expressed as 00:00 hours.

The day ends at midnight. So, midnight is also expressed as 24:00 hours.

Rules for converting time on a 24-hour clock to time on a 12-hour clock:

We use A.M. if the number of hours is less than 12

For Example:

08:00 hours becomes 8:00 a.m.

If the number of hours is more than 12 hours, we subtract 12 from the number of hours and use P.M.

For Example:

16:00 hours becomes 4:00 P.M. (16 – 12 = 4)

17:20 hours becomes 5:20 P.M. (17 – 12 = 5)

00:00 hours or 24:00 hours is expressed as 12 midnight.

12:00 hours is expressed as 12 noon.

12:30 is 12:30 P.M.

00:25 hours is 12:25 A.M.
 

Rules for converting time on a 12-hour clock time to time on a 24-hour clock:

If the time is before 1:00 P.M, we write the same time.

6:20 A.M. is expressed as 06:20 hours

12:25 P.M. is expressed as 12:25 hours

If the time is beyond 1:00 P.M., we add 12 to the number of hours.

4:45 P.M. is expressed as 16:45 hours (4 + 12 = 16)

Conversion:

1 day = 24 hours

1 hour = 60 minutes

1 minute = 60 seconds

1 hour = 3600 seconds

Solved Examples on Time

Example 1: Fill in the blanks with A.M. or P.M.

  1. I wake up at 6:30 ______
  2. Lunchtime in school begins at 1:00 ______
  3. I go to play in the evening at 5:00 ______
  4. I have dinner at 9:00 ______

Solution:

  1. A.M.
  2. P.M.
  3. P.M.
  4. P.M.

Example 2: What time will it be 4 hours after 7:45 P.M.

Solution: 11:45 P.M.


Example 3: Write the number of hours that pass between 4:00 P.M. and 8:00 P.M.

Solution: 4 hours

Example 4: Complete the following table.

12-Hour Clock24-Hour Clock
1:45 A.M._________________
_________________14:30 hours
7:20 P.M._________________
3:30 A.M._________________
_________________12:00 hours

Solution:

12-Hour Clock24-Hour Clock
1:45 A.M.01:45 hours
2:30 P.M.14:30 hours
7:20 P.M.19:20 hours
3:30 A.M.03:30 hours
12:00 noon12:00 hours

Practice Problems On Time

Time

Attend this Quiz & Test your knowledge.

1

The long hand of a clock is at 11 and the short hand is between 8 and 9. It's morning. The time is:

8:55 p.m.
9:55 p.m.
8:55 a.m.
9:55 p.m.
CorrectIncorrect
Correct answer is: 8:55 a.m.
The hour hand (shorthand) is between 8 and 9, so it's 8 o’clock. The minute hand (long hand) is at 11, which shows 55 minutes. It's morning before noon so it’s a.m. So, the time is 8:55 a.m.
2

2 hours 10 minutes = _________ minutes

60
120
130
210
CorrectIncorrect
Correct answer is: 130
1 hour = 60 minutes So, 2 hours = 2 × 60 minutes = 120 minutes 2 hours 10 minutes = 120 minutes + 10 minutes = 130 minutes
3

13:25 hours is _________ p.m.

13:25 p.m.
2:25 p.m.
1:25 p.m.
3:25 p.m.
CorrectIncorrect
Correct answer is: 1:25 p.m.
13 – 12 = 1 (Subtract 12) So, 13:25 hours is 1:25 p.m. (add p.m. to answer)

Frequently Asked Questions On Time

Seconds can be indicated with ‘s’ or ‘sec’. Minutes can be written as ‘min’ and hours as ‘hrs’.

Time can be measured in seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, and years with clocks and calendars.

In the past, a common time measuring instrument was the sundial. Today, the usual measuring instruments for time are clocks, watches, and calendars.

We need to measure time in order to schedule our work or to plan our day.